今天只讨论这个两个词作为动词的用法。
1. attribute……to 把…归因于;认为…是由于;归功于;起源于
此时,作为“把…归因于;认为…是由于”来解,在主动语态中,其主语只能是人。可以用于主动语态或被动语态。
She attributes her success to hard work and a little luck.
她认为她的成功来自勤劳和一点运气。
Women tend to attribute their success to external causes such as luck.
女性倾向于将她们的成功归因于外部因素,比如运气。
He attributed the party's lack of success to an overemphasis on ideology and ideas.
他将该党的失败归因于过分强调意识形态和理念。
He attributes his success to good luck.
他把成功归因于运气好。
但用于被动语态时,主语可以根据需要是人或物都可以:
The prison riot was attributed to the unnecessary roughness of the guards.
监狱骚乱归因于狱警不必要的粗暴。(托福试题)
This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare.
人们通常认为这出戏剧是莎士比亚所写。
This, and the remaining frescoes, are not attributed to Giotto.
这个,还有那些残存的湿壁画,都不是乔托的作品。
2.owe……to把…归因于;认为…是由于;归功于;起源于
其主语可以是人,也可以是物,且只用于主动语态。
He owes his success to hard work.
他的成功是靠勤奋工作。
The play owes much to French tragedy.
这部戏颇受法国悲剧的影响。
I owe everything to him.
我的一切都归功于他。
Champagne houses owe their success to brand image.
香槟公司的成功在于他们的品牌形象。
因为attribute第一个字母是a, 在主动语态中,其主语只能是人,可以联想为口诀:只有主动爱人,世界才会变得美好。