complex [ˈkɒmpleks]: 侧重内在关系的复杂,需通过仔细研究与了解才能掌握和运用。(含有使人糊涂之意)(例1-3)
complicated [ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]与complex的含义接近,但语气更强,着重极其复杂,很难分析、分辨或解释。(但无confusing的内涵)(例4-6)
sophisticated [səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd] : “精密的,尖端的”,往往用于指器械的系统的复杂性和先进性;指人时,含有老于世故之意。侧重指事物发展到或达到高级的程度所体现出的复杂。(侧重点在于精密、先进即高精尖)(例7-10)
intricate [ˈɪntrɪkət] : 着重指错综复杂,令人迷惑理解(偏向于情节、设计、系统、艺术等)(例11-14)
elaborate [ɪˈlæbərət] “复杂的,精细的”,强调这种复杂是精密计划的、周密的(例15-21)
例句和短语分析:
1、the complex structure of the human brain
错综复杂的人脑构造
2、a complex argument/problem/subject
复杂难懂的论证 / 问题 / 科目
3、The students work in groups on complex problems.
学生们分组研究复杂的问题。
4、This problem is too complicated for me to solve.
这道数学题太复杂了,我解不出来。
5、The machine is complicated in structure.
这台机器结构复杂。
6、The country has a very complicated voting system.
这个国家的选举制度非常复杂。
7、Honeybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect.
蜜蜂之间所用的交流方式是昆虫中最为复杂的方式之一。
8、Mark is a smart and sophisticated young man.
马克是一个聪明老成的年轻人。
9、Recently her tastes have become more sophisticated.
最近她的品位越发优雅时髦起来。
10、In the future we will be using a much more sophisticated computer system.
将来我们会使用一种高级得多的电脑系统。
11、The plot is intricate and full of interest.
故事曲折有致。
12、The details are intricate.
情节曲折。
13、The design is intricate.
这个设计错综复杂。
14、Groundwater system is an intricate and stochastic system.
地下水系统是一个复杂的随机系统。
15、It is an elaborate ceremony, shrouded in mystery.
仪式是精心筹划的,笼罩着一层神秘的色彩。
16、The train was an elaborate affair of sixteen coaches.
这列火车由16节车厢组成,设计复杂精巧。
17、elaborate designs
精心的设计
18、She had prepared a very elaborate meal.
她做了一顿精美的饭菜。
19、an elaborate computer system
精密的计算机系统
20、He is known for his elaborate costumes.
他以着装精致而闻名。
21、In case anyone was following me, I made an elaborate detour
为了防止有人跟踪我,我特地绕了弯路。