让你的句子更生动,更有画面感-聊聊暗喻 (metaphor)

暗喻 (metaphor), 也是一种比喻。它不用比喻词,直接把甲事物(喻体)当作乙事物(本体)来描述,其比喻关系隐含在句意中,从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理,增强语言的表现力。与明喻(smilie)相比较,暗喻(metaphor)不但不需要as, like等比喻词,有时甚至连本体也可以不出现。

比如: Laura is a fish in the water. 劳拉就像是水里的一条鱼。 (暗示劳拉游泳游得非常好)

For years her cries of "fish for sale" were in vain. She had no home, no family, no friends-- her life was a basket of unsold fish. 多年来,她“卖鱼啦”的叫喊声全然白费。她无家可归,无夫无子,无亲无友-她的生活就是一篮没卖出去的鱼。

把卖鱼妇的生活比喻成一篮没卖出去的鱼,可见她的生活是多么地绝望,无助。激起人们对卖鱼妇的无限同情。

暗喻(Metaphor)最基本的结构

用to be 连接本体和喻体,喻体一般体现在句子的表语部分。

Money is a bottomless sea, in which honour, conscience, and truth may be drowned.

金钱就是无底的海洋,荣誉,良心,真理都可以沉没在其中。 本体money, 喻体 a bottomless sea 用be动词 is 来连接。

Practice: (练一练)

读一读以下的句子,将被比较的本体和喻体圈出,并在句子旁边标明该句是明喻(similie)还是暗喻(metaphor)

e.g. The noise at the concert is music to his ears.

Answer: noise, music to his ears/ metaphor

That man is an ogre. _____________He is as smart as a fox. ______________The boy is a volcano ready to explode. ____________He is as quick as a cat. ____________My teacher told me that ideas are wings. ___________Keys:

that man, ogre/ metaphor he, fox/ similiethe boy, a volcano ready to explode/ metaphorhe, cat/ similieideas, wings/ metaphor暗喻同样也是增加句子画面感的一种很好的修辞手法。同学们感兴趣的话可以自己也试着练练笔。 接下来我们还会聊到拟人,夸张等修辞手法。敬请关注哦。

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